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H. BROWN. COMBINATION 1.00K.

No. 441,610. Patente-d Nov. 25, 1890.

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H. BROWN. COMBINATION LOOK. No. 441,610.

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Patented Nov. 25, 1890.-

UNITED STATES PATENT OEEICE.A

HARVEY BROVN, OF BUFFALO, NEYV YORK, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO. GEORGE lV. COLE, OF SAME PLACE.

COMBINATION-LOCK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N o. 441,610, dated November 25, 1890.

Application filed July 5, 1890. Serial No. 357,712. (Model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HARVEY BROWN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Buffalo, in the county of Erie and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Combination-Locks, of which the following is a specification.

The object of my invention is to produce a combination-lock that can be locked or unlocked at any time, either in the day-time or at night or in' the dark, all of which will be fully and clearly hereinafter described and claimed, reference being had to the 'accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a side elevation, one side of the lock and the locking-bolt being omitted so as to show the interior mechanism and mechanism below the locking-bolt. Fig. 2 is a similar side elevation, one side of the lock being omitted so as to expose the interior construction. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the lock, showing the knobs for operating the lock, for locking or unlocking it. Fig. 4 is a front elevation. Fig. 5 is a section on line c. b, Fig. 3, looking in the direction of the arrow c. Fig. 6 is a top plan view of one of the lower combination-disks. Fig. 7 is a sectional elevation of the knob-shank, showing a suitable construction by which it is divided in the center, so that the two part-s can be moved independently, whereby the lock-bolt may be moved by turning the knob on the inside of the door, while the knob on the outside cannot move it when locked. Fig. 8 is a side elevation of Fig. 6, and Fig. 9 represents an under side View of the upper combination wheel or disk. p

The case of the lock is made of iron or other suitable material in the usual way, and consists of the main portion 1, front portion 2, and the removable cover 3, made removable by means of a screw 4, (shown by dotted lines in Fig. 3, as it is on the opposite side of said figure,) which screws into an interior post 5, projecting up from one side of the case. (Shown in Figs. 1 and 2.)

This lock is adapted for and can be made either in the form of a rim or a mortise-lock; but it is preferred to make it in the form of a mortise-lock.

The locking mechanism consists of two bolts, the first or lower interior or supplementary bolt and a secondor locking bolt. Thepfirst or lower bolt 6 consists of a bar of iron or other suitable material, having a horizontal portion cut away on its lower side, so that the part may rest and slide on the upper side of the post 5, and provided with a shoulder 7 to limit its forward movement. Proidly secured a pin S. (Shown in Figs. 1 and 2.) To the rear of the pin 8 is an opening 9, in which the bit 10 projects. (See Fig. 1.) This bit 10 is operated only by the outside door-knob 11 (shown in Fig. 4) without in any way interfering with or turning the inside door-knob, the end of the shank f of which tits in the square hole l1nl and turns independent of the shank g. At the rear end of the bolt 6 is a spring 12 (see Fig. 1) to force it forward when released, and at the top are two notches or depressions 13, the object of which will be more clearly hereinafter eX- plained.

The combination mechanism for permitting the locking or unlocking of the bolt consists of the lower disks 14. I have shown two be one, two, or more of such disks. They are each provided with ten notches, nine shallow notches 15 and one deep notch e; also, a short hub 16 at one side, which iits in a bear- 17 on the opposite side. (See Figs. 5, 6, and S.) In Fig. 5 they arey shown in section in their proper positions within the case.

In Figs. 5, 6, and 8 is shown a short upwardly-projecting pin 18, having one side beveled off. This pin 18 is only used when changing the combination.

Through each disk 14. is a square hole 19, into which is fitted the square shanks of the knobs 20. (Shown in Figs. 3, 4., and 5.) These knobs 20 are used when locking or unlocking by means of the combination, which will be more clearly explained when describing the operation of the device.

Above the periphery of each disk 14 is pivoted to the case by a screw-pin 21, so as to turn easily thereon, a pawl 21a, each kept in engagement with the notches 15 by a spring 22, (see Figs. 1 and 2,) so that while the disks jecting from the top of the shoulder 7 is rig-v of these disks in the drawings; but there may ing in the side of the case, and a longer hub 14 can be easily turned by means of the knobs A the distance ofeach notch with as little noise as possible, as the ends of the pawls'drop into each while t-he disks are being operated, and the object of the deep notches e is to produce a sufficient alarm at that point to indicate the starting-point when about to operate the combination and open the lock.

Over each of the disks 14 is fitted another disk 23, each having an opening adapted to t over and turn easily on the hub 17 of each disk 14, and on the side facing the disks 14 areten holes or depressions 24, (shown in Fig. 9,) either of which pass over the beveled pin 18. From this construction it will be seen that as the disk23 is turned around on the hub 17 in one direction the pin 18 will alternately lift the disk and pass into a hole 24, but that it cannot be turned in the opposite direction.

To the removable side 3 are inwardly-pro j ecting pins 25, (shown in Fig. 5,) correspondingin number with the disks 23, each pin 25 having a spiral spring 26, so that when the side 3 is put on and secured the ends of the pins' 25 project into the small hole 27 (shown in Fig. 9) in the center of the disks, while the springs 26 press against the outside of the disks, substantially as shown in Fig. 5, and thereby allow either of the disks 23 to alternately rise and fall where it passes over the pinV 1S in a direction that brings the holes 24 toward and over the beveled side of said pin, the straight or vertical side of the pins 18 and the springs 26 preventing either from being turned in the opposite direction.

On the periphery of each disk 23 are ten notches, consisting of nine shallow notches 23 and one deep notch 29. (Shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 9.)

To the side of the case pivoted by screws 30 (see Figs. 1 and 2) the pawls 31, adapted to catch into the notches 28 and 29 in the disks 23. These pawls 31 are located so that their lower projecting ends 32 rest in the notches or depressions 13 in the supplementary bolt 6, when the bolt 6 is moved forward as when in position for locking it, substantially as shown by the dotted lines 6 in Fig. 2.

Then the disks 23 are in the proper position for permitting the bolt to be moved back, the deep notches 29 are in the position shown in Fig. 1, so that the projecting points of the pawls 31 can pass up easily into the deep notches 29. The springs 34 tend to force the ends 32 of the pawls 31 down toward the bolt 6, so that they always rest in the notches 13 when the bolt is in the position shown in Fig. 2.

The locking-bolt 35 (see Fig. 2) is provided with the usual beveled end 36, (see Figs. 2, 3, 4, and 5,) so as to act as a spring-bolt when clos ing -a door to which the lock may be attached, which end 36 projects through the front plate 2. A portion of the under side of this bolt is cut out, substantially as shown in Fig. 2, so as to leave a straight portion to slide along back and forth on the upper side of the square post 5 and of the proper form to limit the forward and back movements ot the bolt. Near the rear of this bolt 35 is a shoulder 37, against which the pin 8 (shown in Figs. 1 and 2) rests so as to push the bolt 35 back when the lock is being operated. Directly over the bit 10 is another bit 33, into which is fitted the shank g, which is adapted to turn the bit 38 without moving the bit 10, substantially as shown in Fig. 7. Near the rear of the bolt 35 is an opening 39, in which the end of the bit 3S is inserted to operate the bolt 35 by means of a knob similar to the knob 11, and connected in the well known way to the outer end of the shank g. At the rear end of the bolt 35 is a spring 39, for pushing the bolt forward when releasedy so it is free to move.

To secure the lock from the inside, so it cannot be unlocked by any means from the outside, (see Fig. 2,) Iprovide a bit 40, which is ii'tted in the usual bearings in the'c'ase. At the rear'end of the bit 40 is a pointed p`ro ject-ing portion 41, adapted to press against a spring 42, so that it is held by the spring when in the position shown in said Fig. 2, and also when turned back in the position shown by the dotted lines 43. A curved portion 44 is cut out ot' the under side of the bolt 35 to allow the point of the bit 401:0 pass freely around until it strikes the shoulder`4`5, when the bolt is secured, so that it cannot'be moved while the bit is in that position.

To operate the bit 40, the sha-nk of au key 46 (shown in Figs. 3 and 5, being shown mostly in dotted lines in Fig. 3,) is fitted and secured in the square hole 47, which passes through the bit 40.

To change the combination, all that is 11ecessary is to take a screw-driver and turn the' screw 48, so as to move the bar 49 in the direction of the arrow t', Figs. 1 and 2, which brings it in the position shown in Fig. 1, so that the two downwardly-projecting pins 50 (shown in Figs. 1 and'2) will press against the heels 51 ot' the pawls 21, which operation lifts the points of the pawls out of engage'- ment with the notches 15 or e. In this position the combination can be changed by using the knobs 2O and turning one disk under the other until the desired combination is obtained.

The operation of the invention is as follows: Vhen it is desired to open the lock, the knobs 2O are all turned until the paw1s21` are all felt or heard to fall into the deep notches e, which operation gives the startingpoint. If the combination consists of iive lmovements or notches forward of one knob 2O in the direction of the arrow d and six movements'of the other knob in the same di- IOO IIO

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rection, then each knob is turned that number of notches which will bringl the disks 23 in the position shown in Fig. 1, so that the lock can be opened by turning the knob 11. To lock it, all that is necessary is to turn the knobs 20 so as to break the combination.

The combination can be changed at will, as hereinbefore mentioned, and by increasing the number of combination-disks the number of different combinations can be increased to any extent desired.

The object of the shallow notches 28 in the disks 23 is to prevent any possibility of getting at the combination, which they doeffectually, as any attempt to draw the bolt 6 back by turning the outside knob 11 throws the points 33 of the pawls 31 into some one of the notches 2S, and thereby prevents the knobs 2O or the disks from being operated. Consequently the bolts cannot be moved until all pressure on the outside knob l1 is removed.

I claim as my invention'-u 1. In a combination-lock, the combination, with a series of upper and lower changeable combination disks, provided with outside knobs for operating them, each disk having a series of shallow and one deep notch, of aseries of pivoted pawls 31, having upward and downward projecting portions 33 and 32, a supplementary bolt 6, provided with a vertical pin 8, and notches for receiving the portions 32, a spring for pushing it forward, and a knob-and bit for operating the bolt, substantially as described.

2. In a combination-lock, a series of lower changeable pivoted combination-disks mounted within the case so as to turn in bearings therein, each disk having a series of shallow notches and one deep notch,a pawl actuated by a spring for each of said disks, which permits the disks to be moved but one way, knobs for turning said disks, located outside of the case, an upper combination-disk mounted on each of the lower disks, each also having a series of shallow notches and one deep notch, a means, substantially as described, for preventing them from turning thereon while operating the combination, a pivoted pawl for each upper disk, and a spring for keeping it away from the disks, each pawl having at its head an upwardly-projecting portion adapted to pass into the deep notch and a lower projecting portion adapted to pass into a notch in the supplementary bolt, an upwardly-projecting pin on the supplementary bolt, and a spring for pushing the supplementarybolt forward, a spring-actuated locking-bolt, and a means, substantially as described, for moving both bolts backward when the combination is set to admit it, substantially as described.

3. In a combination-lock, a series of pairs of combination-disks, the one mounted on the other and kept together by springs, each disk being provided with a series of shallow notches and one deep notch, and pivoted spring-actuated pawls for engaging with each lower disk of the series, in combination with a corresponding series of pawls for each upper disk, springs for keeping the pawls away from the disks, and a supplementary bolt having a spring for pushing it forward and provided with a corresponding series of notches to receive and operate the pawls by sliding'the bolt back when the deep notches 29 of the disks are opposite the points 33 of the pawls 31, so that they can pass in and thus allow the locking-bolt to be moved back, substantially as described.

Ll. In a combination-lock, a longitudinal bar mounted in a slideway within the case, a screw for adj usting it longitudinally back and forth, and a series of downwardly-projecting pins mounted on the bar, in combination with a series of pivoted spring-actuated pawls for engaging with the combination-disks, whereby the whole series of pawls may be eitherv brought into engagement or released therefrom, substantially as described.

5. In a combination-lock, the combination of two combination-disks, one mounted upon the other, each provided with aseries of shallow notches and one deep notch, a series of holes in that face of one disk that rests upon the other, a short pin on the opposite disk having one side beveled o and adapted to catch in either of the holes so as to allow the perforated disk to turn in one direction only, and a spring for keeping the two disks together, whereby the combination may be changed by turning one disk on the other, so as to cause the holes to pass up over the beveled side of the pin, the spring forcing the disks together again, substantially as described.

IIARVEY BROWN.

Witnesses:

OoRA J. BLAKELEY, J AMEsSANGsTER.

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